There are two categories of finances: public and private ones. Public finances are associated with the state, with territorial administrative units and other public law institutions. Private finances are associated with companies, banks and private insurance societies. The resources necessary to establish and to activate state duties can come from individuals and companies especially through restrictive measures taken from public authorities.

The state can take measures concerning national currency, while private organizations can’t influence legally this currency, which is used by them as well. Public finances have as purpose to cover general society needs while private finances have as purpose to obtain profit. Public finances management depends on public law, and private finances management depends on commercial law.

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